Hot-blast liquid and gaseous fuel burner.



, A. W. FEES.

H01 BLAST LIQUID AND GASBOUS FUEL BURNER. APPLIOATIO N FILED JAN. 12,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEETi.

I ,IIIIII Patented Febl 6,1912.

1 -A,W. FEES. HOT BLAST LIQUID AND GASEOUS PQBL BURNER."

, I I APPLICATION FILED-jAN. 12, 1911. ,01 6,257! l I Patented Feb. 6,1912.

1 2 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

P UNITED STA TES. PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR W. FEES. F BLAIR. NEBRASKA.

HOT-BLAST LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUEL BURNER.

Z i/ 1277 whom it m (17 concern Beit known that I, ARTHUR \V. Fens, a

citizen of the'United State s' bf America. re- 1 parts of the verticalouter casing cut away siding at Blair, in the county of Washington 'andState of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHot-Blast Liquid and Gaseous Fuel Burners. of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in hot-blast li uid or aseous fuelburners employed in yconjunction with ordinary boiler structures forheating water supply or producingvapor or-stam; and the objects of myimprovement are, first, to as completely surround the fire by the waterto be heated as is consistent with the application care and operation ofthe burner and thereby increase the area of heating surface above thatof heaters now in use, without making a proportional increase in thesize or height of the fire-box and boiler; second, to provide ahot-blast to the burner having ducts ascendant throughout their lengthsand increasingly heated from the fresh air intake to their dischargeinto the flame of the burner:

third, to provide a fire-box for the burner having its walls and bottomof double thick-' nesses spaced apart to receive throughout aninterposed sheet or body of water in communication, through theconnected boiler structure, with a whole circulatory water system;fourth, to prbride a still hot air space insulation of'the walls andbottom of the burner fire-box and a primary heating immediateCOIIHBOUOIIS: thereto fifth, to expose the entire inner wall chamber forall and inner bottom of the fire-box to the direct action of-the hotgases of, the combustion chamber; sixth, to reduce to the minimum thedirect contact of the burner generating pan or tray with the walls orbottom of the fire-box; and, seventh, to provide a burner structure thatmay be substituted for the tisual fire-pot, grate'and ash-pit to reducethe boiler height to facilitate efiicient instalment.- in low basementstories and dispose the boilers of steam locomotives and tractionengines atilower altitudes and thereby rednce their topheaviness. Thesewith other minor objects hereinafter more particularly described Iattainhy the structure illus-. accompanying drawings in which' f vFigure 1 is a verticai 'sectional elevation on the broken line 1 of Fig.2;Fig. 2, a bottom 0r underside view with portions cut I Specificationof Letters Patent.

' boiler.

away todisclose the outer air inlet to the hotblast; Fig. 3. a frontelevation having to show the outside of the fire-boxand conjunctbranches of the hot-blast .duct the inlet closure of which is hereremoved; Fig. 4, a top view of the firebox of the burner with the archof the hot-blast pipe removed; Fig. 5, an abridged vertical section,similar to Fig. 1, taken on the'broken line 5 of Fig. 6, illustrating apreferred manner of connecting the hot-blast pipe through the walls ofthe fire-box; Fig. 6, a top view of Fig. 5, with the separable arch ofthe hot-blast pipe removed: Fig. 7, a sectional view showing across-section of one 'of the outer branches of the hot-blast duct andillustrating its conjunct relation to the outer wall of the firebox: andF ig. 8. a side elevation, at right angles to Fig. 3, with the lowerportion of the vertical casing cut away and parts reand one conjunctbranch of the hot-blast duct. In all of which views. si1nila'r referencenumerals refer to like parts.

Combustion of almost any solid fuel, such ashes requiring greater depthof fire-pot or a too frequent cleaning of the grate; also additionalspace below the grate, the ashpit, is required for the temporary storageand removal of such residue. While the incombustible mineral residuefrom most any liquid or gaseous fuel is so small as to require noallowance of room for it in the furnace of an ordinary water heater orsteam- Therefore, in my improvement l have utilizedthis ash-space todecrease the whole height by supplying a lower fire-base burner orfurnace adaptable for connection with and the support of any ordinaryhot water, vapor or steam boiler structure to be heated by a liquid orgaseous fuel.

' To more specifically disclose the manner and means by which I attainthe objects above mentioned, attention is first directed to one of theprincipal elements in my contrivance:The burner fire-box by which I\have elected to illustrate my invention, consists of the inner bowl 2and a larger outer bowl 3, concentrically disposed, spaced apart andside walls and having a horizontal rim 4 common to bothbowls and unitingtheir top edges, This rim is generally made level on top to receive anyordinary boiler supermoved showing the outer wall of the fire-boxas coaland wood, results in a large bulk Of,

throughout to form double or hollow bottom,

Patented Feb. 6, 1912. Application filed January 12, 1911. Serial No.02.235.

structure, as indicated by the broken lines 6 in Fig. 1, and has theseries of vertical apertures 7 rendering the space between the bowlscommunicable with the water-space of such a connected boiler structure.And the outer edge of the rim projects to form an annular flangetoengage thetop edge of the vertical base casing 8, which supports thewhole upon any suitable floor foundation or 10 carriage.

'The taiigential radially disposed bosses 9 are integral parts of thebottom" of' the outer wall or bowl and tapped to receive the ends v ofthe condensed steam orcooled water return pipes 19 at the lowestpart ofa circulatory water-heating or steam system of which the connectedboiler lS tl. part.

@Vhile my burner is adaptable to use with any liquid or gaseous fuel, Ihave elected to illustrate its application as a crude oil burner, withthe rather proportionately.

large generating pan 11 having centrally therein an lntegral corrugatedheating or combustion cone 12 through the crater of which theoiljet pipe13 projects upwardly.

pipe 16 having A centrally disposed tubed aperture through the bottom ofthe fire-box receives this pipe, the lower end of which is connectedwith the elevated reservoir 15 through the supply a valve 17 to controlthe flow of liquid fuel. I

The hot-blast to supply the burner with hot air to facilitate thevaporization and combustion of the fuel comprises the inlet tube 18having the outer adjustable closure 19 mounted 'on the outer end of thethreaded /stem 20 disposed through the cross-bar 21.

The connected branch ducts 22 and 22 are disposed oppositely therefrom.ascending 4o backwardly along the outerwall of the-firepot, againstwhich they are shaped-to fit as shown in Fig. 7. At points directlyopposite and about half way up the sides ,of the fire-pot they are bentto form the con vergent portions 23 and 23" disposed inthe fuel jet.

55. at the lower edges of the tubed op v wardly and upwardly through thetubed which may also have the supporting legs 27 shown in Fig. 1, toeffect a space between the pan and the bottom of the inner bowl, for thefree circulation of the heated gasesin the combustion chamber. I

In the ap lication of my invention as here 6e set forth, e usualfireorstoking door in .the base of the fire-box, .venien't connection of thefuel supply pipe tem as it arrives through-thereturn pipes-T the boilerstructure, indicated by the broken lines 28 in Figs. 1 and renders thecombustion chamber of the fire-lmwl and imposed boiler structureaccessible for the care and operation of the burner and removing thehot-blast arch.

The fire-base casing S is of a height only sufficient to accommodate theconnection of the inner ends of the return water pipes to to allow theconand required disposition of the hot-blast inlet duct and branch ductsas shown. This casing is made tight to form a still hot air spaceinsulation and heating chamber around and under all these elements, aswell as around and under the fire-box, which, is

surrounded and supported by this casing, as

shown. p

In operation, when starting, first a small amount of fuel is fed intothe pan through the supply pipe and then ignited; the adjustable closureof the hot-blast inlet being nearly closed, admitting only enough freshair to allow the fuel to burn but not to blow the flame away from thegenerating pan. As the generating pan and combustion cone are spacedaway from the base of tl1'e firebox, they are soon brought to therequired temperature to vaporize the fuel. ()tl1eravise, if the pan 52ndcone were placed close down to the bottom of the combustion chamber inmyfire-box, as heretofore done in placing liquid fuel burners in oldboiler fire-boxes, perfect combustion could not be attained unless thewhole connected circu-' latory water system was brought up to nearly therequired temperature of the generating pam'wliiclris impractical.Further,

itwould make starting very slow, the vaporization and combustion of thefuel generally imperfect and-the plant'slowto respond to regulation andcontrol. \Vhen the pan and whole burner reaches the desired generatingand working temperature, .the required fuelply pipe, and a properbalanceof hot-blast.

isadjusted by the adjustable inlet closure.'-'

Further, with the generating pan and other parts of the burner disposedas shown, the hot gasesand flame of the combustion 01121111- supply isregulatedby' the valve in the supher, spread by the meeting forces ofthe r vaporized fuel and hot-blast, reach the whole-.- inner-surface ofthe fire-box,-incl1 1dingits,

inner bottom, imparting the heat directly to the cooler base of theclrculatorym'a-ter sy The -still air spaceof the fire-basecham her notalone serves to insulate the outer Wall and water base of the fire-boxfrom the outer air, but, a large per cent. of the heat here radiatedfrom the fire-box is imparted to the inclosed ends of-the returnpipes,

thereby starting the heating action at,once

at the lowest point in the systemt The fuel: 13a

prising a hemispherical fire box or bowl eeleratethe current or theblast; \\'hich cur- 'rent is tinally passed upwardly and inwardlythrough the walls of the fire-box'tli be more "flange a'tits rim, avertical'cvlindrical eassupply is :ulvantageously warmed in that part ofthe supply pipe disposed through; this hot air insulation chamber; whichpipe, for'the more sluggish crude oils may be formed into a coil-toincrease its length in this ehau'iber before passing through thehotterwater-bottom to the terminal jet in the still-hottercombustionchamber above. And' thehot-blast duct-inletutnd branches werefirst warmed as they enter this heating. clunuber; which warming issupplemented by their conjunct positition incontact with the-outerhotwall of the fire-box. Asthese branches ascend they are continuallyconiing into a hotter zone, to expand andae;

intensely heated and dischargeddownwardly with its aeeumulated heat andforre'into the flame of'the'lnirner. This hobblast. is as; sisted. bythe usual jexhaust passage from the eombustion chamber through and tearemote part of the boiler structure. and is then usuallyconneetedflfwith an 'exhaus stark or the line of some chimney.

l. A, liquid or gaseousfuelluu'ner, co nprising anuncapped open -top.)e('l -heniispherical tire-box or. fire-howl having an out\v.ardlt'urned'jriin to form a suspension flange. :1 vertical cylindricalcasing disposed toseat said flange and suspendsaid fir howl within saidcylindrical ca sing,;a still air insulation and heating-chamber aroundand-beneath said fire-howl inside of said casing. and a fuel supply pipedisposed through aid 'lieating-chamber and having a terminal jet in saidtire-howl; i V X LA liquid or gaseousfue'l burner; come prising anuncapped fire-box or fire bowl open at the. top and having an. outwardlypro' 'iecting suspension flange at the rim, an' llltt'l casin having atop edge disposed to engage said fla e to support said fire'box andllN'lUSQ astill airy-insulation andv heating-chamber aroundandwthereunden-a generating-pan in said fire-box, and a. liquidtuel'supply pi pe' disposed-through said heating-chamber andthe wall ofsaid fire-box and terminated by a jet in said generatingpan.

3. A liquid or gaseous fuel burner, com-.

halving fair outwardly disposed annular ing of greaterhei'ght thanaidfire-bowl to seat said annular flange on its top edge, suspend t-hefire-bowl within the cylindrical. easing and form a still air'insnlationand heating chamber-around and thereunder, a generating-pan disposedwithin and spaced above the bottomof said bowl, and a fuel supply pipedisposed through said 'still air heatingchan ber and upwardly throughthe boiler; atapped iope'i'iin of sand outer, bowLto com-m bottom ofsaidbou'l and having a, terminal et in said generating pan.

l- A liquid;or igaseous fuel burner, comprising au' uncappedopen-toppedfire-*bowl having a lou hle wallconsisting of inner and outer howlsdisposed concentrically apart to form a=*space-therebetween andhaving-coinmon= o lmthgbowls a connecting: rim ofgreat outer-uhanieterto-tonn an annular outwardly-;projecting flangeahthe top of the outerbowl and having openings through said run into said'spaee'between thebowls "adapted toconnect said intervening space with thewater-space of.a simerimposed boiler. a musing to for1n"a supporting seat for saidannular flange-.11 sti 1 air insulating and heatingchamber withinsaidcasing and around and beneath the firerhowhand a'fuel supply pipedisposed'throughsaid still air insulation andheat-ing chamber and doublewall and having a terminal jet in the fire;-

bowl 1 u. liquidnor-.,gaseons fuel burner, conipr sing-an uncappedMimi-topped fire-howl adapted to be 'conimunicahly eon'nected withfdouble walls consisting of an inner. bowl and a t la rge fl like-shapedouter bowl disposed T andbeneath said@,fire-bowl by said casing,

and la Ifuell supply pipe disposed through said heatipg chamber andthrough said wa-- ter-elia nher li k hQtlllafit 'liq uid or gaseousfuelburner;:eou prising' -an xipeiritopped firehowl adapted 'to bejs'ubjaeently and mire-- gtyictedLYk fiqlllllllllllcablyt connected witha boiler 'heatyehamber, a viuehsupply pipe havngaterminal jet in saidfire-bowl, and a hot blastfductdisposed ascendantly and conj ni'ctlyonthe outside of saidfire-bowl and minal discharge-opening therein.

v 7. A hot-blast- -liqu1d or gaseous fuel burner, comprising an opentopped fire-bowl having double walls spaced apart to 'form anintervening water-chamber around and beneath the inner wall and rimperforations opening into said chamber and saidfire.- bowl adapte toserve as a bottom to the combustion r heat-chamber of a superand lawinga terminabjet in through said heating-chamber'and having a.

fire-box having an outwardly turned rim to form a, suspension. flange, asurrounding casing to form a supporting seat for saidfla'nge,

a still air insulation and.heating-chamber" within said casing andaround and beneath said fire-box, a fuel .supply pipe disposed terminaljet in said fire-box and-a'hot-blast duct disposed through saidheating-ch amber and into said fire-box and terminated in a downwardly-d irected discharge-opening over the terminal jet of said fuel pipe 9.A hot-blast liquid or gaseous fuel burner, comprising an uncappedopentoppcd hemispherical fire-bowl having an outwardly turned rim toform a suspension flange, a. vertical cylindrical casing disposedbeneath to form a "supporting seat for: said flange to suspend saidfire-bowl within the casing, a still ai'r' insulation and heatingchamberaround and beneath said fire-bowl and inclosed by said casing, a fuelsupply pipe disposed through said heating-chamber andhaving a terminaljet in saidfire-bowl, .va hot-blast air inlet through said casing, anddivergent branch ducts leading from said inlet ascendantly andconjunctly along the outer bottom and sides of said fire-bowl withinsaid heating-chamber and convergently upward through opposite walls ofsaid bowl and united in a downwardly disposed discharge-opening oversaid terminal jet.

- 10. A. hot-blast liquid or gaseous fuel burner, comprising an uncappedopen topped lire-bowl, having an outwardly turned rim to form asuspension flange, a generatingpan disposed in said fire-bowl with anintervening open space between the bottom of the pan and the bottom ofthe bowl, a casing I to. seat said suspension flange to support thelire-bowl, a still air insulating and heatingrhamber around and beneathsaid fire-bowl, a fuel supply pipe disposed through said Copies of. thispatent may be obtained for live cents each. by addressing the"Commissioner of Patents,

heating chamber andthrougli the bottom of, said fire-bowl and having aterminal jet disposed upwardly through the bottom of walls of saidfire-boWl with a duct spanning the vfire-bowl and havinga downwardlydirected discharge-o ening above said gencrating-pan and fue jet.

11. A hot-blast liquid or" gaseous fuel burner, comprising anopen-topped waterjacketed. fire-bowl having a perforate rim with anoutward extension toform'an annular suspension and adapted to bedisposed subjacently to a boiler structure to render the fire-space'ofthe bowl communicable through its open top with the heat: lug-chamber ofsaid boiler and the waterjacket communicable thfouglr the rim persforations with the water-space of saidboiler, a casing to support saidsuspension flange, a still air insulation and heating-chamber around andbenea'thsaid fire-bowl, a fuel supply pipe disposedthrougli saidheatingchamber and having a terminal jet in said fire-bowl, and ahot-blast duct leading from a n-exterior air-inlet throu hsaid casing,heating-chamber and water 'yacketed wall of the fire-bowl and having aterminal discharge-opening in said fire-bowl.

p 12. A fire-bowl for liquid or gaseous fuel burners, comprisin an inneropen-topped hemispherical bow an outer like-shaped larger bowl disposedconcentrically therewith to form an intervening water-chamber, a rimcommon to both bowls and of greater outer diameter than the outer bowlto form- F. H. Marrrnsicn, B. h'IUMMEa'r.

